From digital forestry to smart forestry

This year is the 10th birthday of the forestry information person. Looking back, Director Jia Zhibang sounded the charge of forestry informatization construction at the first National Forestry Informatization Work Conference in Beijing in 2009, and Director Zhang Jianlong sounded it again at the 6th National Forestry Informatization Work Conference held in Shanghai in 2019. The clarion call for the high-quality development of forestry informatization, which lasted for 10 years. As a participant and practitioner, I have witnessed the leap-forward development of forestry informatization across the country, which has inspired me to continue to innovate and explore, and welcome a revolution in information technology. The challenge of the next wave has become one of the trendsetters based on the trend. On this special day this year, as a Linxin employee, I feel very emotional and full of confidence in meeting the challenges of information technology in the future.
(1) Starting digital forestry
Reviewing the 10-year construction process of national forestry informatization, under the leadership of the Information Office of the State Forestry Administration, based on the trend of international information technology development, focusing on top-level design, and adhering to the scientific construction of "planning, standards first and top-down" Process and the "point-to-face" approach to scientific work. In 1998, the concept of "Digital Earth" was proposed internationally, and my country also proposed the construction goal of "Digital China". Facing such domestic and international trends, the State Forestry Administration started the construction of "Digital Forestry". The national forestry system has set off an upsurge in the construction of "digital forestry". All departments take forestry resources as the management object and rely on the geographic information system to build a geographic information platform of "one map" of national forestry. According to this work arrangement, the Shanghai Forestry Bureau took the eighth national forestry resources survey as the starting point, and formulated the detailed resource survey rules for the scarcity of forestland resources in Shanghai. Through the annual aerial remote sensing images and the interpreted forestland vector graphics , through the development of the mobile PDA to carry out spatial positioning and small group surveys, to achieve the annual continuous clearing of today's forestry resources. At the same time, the GIS system is used to carry out comparative analysis between years and to grasp the changes of forest land resources in time, which provides a scientific and quantitative basis for the performance evaluation of forestry law enforcement and regional leaders' ecological environmental protection work, and truly opens up the minds of decision makers and managers. There are a number of" refined management work situation.
In 2005, with the grid management in Dongcheng District of Beijing as a template, the prelude to the implementation of grid management in Shanghai's urban and rural integration was opened. The urban refined management model covers all urban and rural areas of the city. By using the methods of system theory, cybernetics and decision theory, a forestry professional grid management system has been constructed, which integrates daily pest inspections, woodland inspections, wildlife protection inspections, etc. The work is sorted into management components and events, and the closed management process of "discovery, filing, disposal, verification and case cancellation" has been recreated to provide protection for every piece of woodland, every row of trees, every inch of green in Shanghai, and the improvement of the urban ecological environment. Quantitative estimates provide scientific support.
Shanghai is located in the coastal estuary area and is rich in wetland resources. Shanghai Chongming Dongtan Bird Nature Reserve is a national nature reserve listed by the State Forestry Administration. In order to effectively protect and monitor the habitat of Pacific Rim birds, I lead the information center team. , After years of preliminary research, the "Chongming Dongtan Reserve Video Surveillance System" was built in 2010. The system aims to prevent birds from being stolen, poached and observed, combined with the characteristics of the natural ecological environment of the reserve, adopts wind-solar hybrid technology as green energy, and uses omnidirectional antennas to build a broadband wireless transmission network. The broadcast-grade high-power camera and the camera with fog penetration technology have independently developed a precise positioning system linked with a high-precision pan-tilt and geographic information system, which solves the problems of bird tracking and habitat point positioning analysis. The system has been running for nearly 10 years, and has played a huge role in recording and analyzing the migration patterns of migratory birds and combating the poaching and poaching of rare and endangered birds in the country.
(2) Towards Smart Forestry
In 2008, the United States International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) proposed the concept of "Smart Earth", and the United States, the European Union, Singapore and other countries have successively proposed the construction of smart cities. Subsequently, my country also proposed the strategy of smart city construction, and the State Forestry Administration put forward the construction goal of "smart forestry" in the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan". In the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" and "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" informatization planning, the Shanghai Forestry Bureau clarified the goal of realizing "smart forestry" by 2020, focusing on the application of "cloud, material, mobile, large, and intelligent" technologies. Through forestry "three preventions (fire prevention, pest prevention and epidemic prevention and disease prevention)", smart parks, smart protected areas and ecological positioning monitoring and other information projects, the construction task of further improving the level of forestry informatization.
In 2015, with the efforts of my colleagues and I, the "Shanghai Urban Spatial Geographic Information Sharing and Exchange Platform" based on "cloud computing" technology was put into operation, with 156 layers of spatial geographic information from 17 departments being shared on the platform, providing Diverse urban basic map information, such as topographic maps, remote sensing image maps and real three-dimensional maps over the years. At the same time, various professional layers provide information at different levels of macro, meso and micro, such as macro overall planning and detailed planning; meso regional environmental quality, distribution of green space and forest resources; micro to each tree, each Buildings and each pollution source discharge outlet can be queried and information shared. The "one map" of Shanghai Forestry has become an important part of the city's "GIS cloud" platform.
With the development of wireless broadband 3G and 4G technologies, how to use Internet thinking to build forestry management and services has become a content that my team and I explore together. What impresses me in particular is that in the CIO training class with the theme of "Internet + Forestry" held by the State Forestry Administration at Fudan University in Shanghai in 2016, I, as the monitor, not only did a good job in serving the host in Shanghai, but also accepted how to Establish Internet thinking, and use Internet thinking to build forestry management and service training. The four-day training is short-lived, but how to apply the acquired knowledge to daily management is a work that needs to be continuously explored for a period of time in the future. To this end, in the follow-up work, we have developed small programs such as "Pest Monitoring APP", "Avian Influenza Monitoring APP", "Park Scenic Grid Management and Performance Evaluation APP", etc., which are convenient for managers to detect and report problems in a timely manner and deal with them. question. In the field of public services, we have developed a WeChat mini-program that integrates intelligent park tours, rescue, knowledge of animals and plants, and mobile phone payment for tickets to serve tourists; for high-quality forest and fruit products, we have established a trustworthy orchard geographical indication traceability system to serve customers. ; By publishing the "Dynamic Ecological Quality APP" and the online "Bird Museum" to serve the citizens, the forestry management and services are connected to the Internet.
According to the “sky, earth, human, and forest” framework of comprehensive perception of IoT proposed by the State Forestry Administration, we have built a “Three Defenses” project in the Shanghai Forestry “Three Defenses” project on the basis of analyzing and studying the status quo of Shanghai’s forestry and IoT technologies. "Intelligent Fire Recognition System", through the automatic identification of fireworks, to improve the early warning and prevention and control capabilities of forest fire prevention; in the Smart Park project, the "Visitor Volume Monitoring System" and "Ecological Monitoring System" have been constructed to monitor the number of visitors through video and WiFi sniffing sensors. Real-time analysis; dynamically collect real-time information through sensors such as meteorology, water quality, soil, and noise, and release ecological information such as air quality, water quality, environmental noise, and soil. Through monitoring and model calculation of 14 ecological service indicators, calculate Shanghai Forestry creates more than 12.5 billion green ecological service value every year, which fully reflects the contribution of forestry to the construction of ecological civilization in Shanghai. In the construction project of smart wetland protection area, vibrating optical cable and video recognition are used as boundary and road entrance sensors to detect illegal crossings in time. and issue targeted violation warnings. Introduce drones and unmanned ships as carriers to load video and environmental sensors, carry out dynamic image surveys and habitat monitoring in wetland reserves, and form a forestry three-dimensional perception network that integrates "sky net, ground net and human net".
In order to welcome the arrival of the new generation of artificial intelligence technology revolution, we began to organize teams to explore and study the application direction of the new generation of artificial intelligence in the field of forestry. Recognition” technology solves the problem of tourists entering the park for the second time on the same day; uses image intelligent analysis technology and broadcast system linkage to establish a perimeter crossing warning reminder system for dangerous areas in parks and scenic spots; through the perception monitoring of soil and meteorological temperature and humidity and automatic sprinkler irrigation system intelligence Connected to realize the refined management of plant watering; developed and constructed an intelligent shared pole, which integrates functions such as lighting, broadcasting, wireless WiFi, camera, information release and SOS rescue, and realized the intelligent centralized control of lighting and broadcasting.
The utilization and development of data resources in the future will determine the level of industry management and services. Driven by the big data strategic actions of the State Forestry Administration and the Shanghai Municipal Government, the Shanghai Forestry Administration is designing the Shanghai Forestry Big Data Platform. At the same time, combined with the implementation of smart forestry construction projects during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, relying on the e-government cloud platform unified by the Shanghai Municipal Government, we tried to build a big data prototype platform for comprehensive forestry business, smart protected areas and smart parks, and initially formed a number of big data platforms. The data analysis prototype system provides technical support for the construction of forestry big data platform.
On the tenth anniversary of the comprehensive promotion of national forestry informatization, it coincides with the 6th National Forestry Informatization Work Conference being held in Shanghai. Shanghai is honored to be the host of the conference. As the host, I am very excited and proud. In addition to actively cooperating with the Information Office of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration to do a good job in various tasks, I am more gratified that the achievements of Shanghai's forestry informatization in the past ten years have been highly affirmed by the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, but at the same time I feel my mission. The annual opportunity for new technology blood transfusion (forestry CIO training course) provided by the State Forestry and Grassland Administration allows me to see the rapid development of information technology. It makes me feel that we Linxin people have a broad space for improvement in the future.
After ten years of continuous exploration, I have clearly realized that informatization work is not achieved overnight, but never-ending. The construction of smart forestry requires us to have an accurate understanding of various technologies, and to realize the iterative and hierarchical nature of technologies during the construction process, that is, cloud computing is the technical foundation, the Internet of Things is the technical means, and the mobile Internet is the technology. The way, big data is the technical method, and the new generation of artificial intelligence is the technical goal. Only by following the laws of scientific development, a solid working attitude, and the spirit of continuous improvement, can we embrace the wave of information technology revolution and meet the challenges of new technologies. Big data and a new generation of artificial intelligence are the main technical directions of forestry informatization in the next 10 years or even longer. Big data analysis calls for the support of dynamic, fresh, and sufficient data resources. The new generation of artificial intelligence technology needs to be based on big data and add deep learning methods to make our forestry management smarter and forestry services more accessible to the people. Although my age can no longer complete my career in forestry informatization for the next 10 years, in my limited career, I will continue to innovate forestry information management and technology, and jointly enter the era of a new generation of artificial intelligence in forestry.